Edmund August Friedrich Russow (24 February 1841 – 11 April 1897) was a Baltic German biologist born in Tallinn.
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Son of a military engineer, Edmund Russow studied at the Universities of Dorpat and Berlin. In 1867 he became an associate professor at Dorpat, where from 1874 to 1897 he served as a full professor. In 1895-97 he was president of the Estonian Naturalists' Society. Russow was at the forefront of nature conservation in Estonia, and associated with the work of Hugo Conwentz (1865-1922), a founder of nature conservation efforts throughout Europe.
Russow was an authority on Sphagnaceae (sphagnum mosses)[1] and remembered for his research in plant anatomy and histology, in particular studies of the plant family Marsileaceae (aquatic and semi-aquatic ferns).[2] The plant genus Russowia is named in his honor[3], as is Sphagnum russowii (Russow's sphagnum).